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C++

C++ Conditionals

Switch Statement

int num = 2;
switch (num) {
    case 0:
        std::cout << "Zero";
        break;
    case 1:
        std::cout << "One";
        break;
    case 2:
        std::cout << "Two";
        break;
    case 3:
        std::cout << "Three";
        break;
    default:
        std::cout << "What?";
        break;
}

Ternary Operator

           ┌── True ──┐
Result = Condition ? Exp1 : Exp2;
           └───── False ─────┘

int x = 3, y = 5, max;
max = (x > y) ? x : y;
// Outputs: 5
std::cout << max << std::endl;

int x = 3, y = 5, max;
if (x > y) {
    max = x;
} else {
    max = y;
}
// Outputs: 5
std::cout << max << std::endl;

Operators

#Relational Operators
a == b a is equal to b
a != b a is NOT equal to b
a < b a is less than b
a > b a is greater b
a <= b a is less than or equal to b
a >= b a is greater or equal to b

#Assignment Operators

Example Equivalent to
a += b Aka a = a + b
a -= b Aka a = a - b
a *= b Aka a = a * b
a /= b Aka a = a / b
a %= b Aka a = a % b

#Logical Operators

Example Meaning
exp1 && exp2 Both are true (AND)
exp1 || exp2 Either is true (OR)
!exp exp is false (NOT)

#Bitwise Operators

Operator Description
a & b Binary AND
a | b Binary OR
a ^ b Binary XOR
~ a Binary One's Complement
a << b Binary Shift Left
a >> b Binary Shift Right

Else if Statement

int score = 99;
if (score == 100) {
    std::cout << "Superb";
}
else if (score >= 90) {
    std::cout << "Excellent";
}
else if (score >= 80) {
    std::cout << "Very Good";
}
else if (score >= 70) {
    std::cout << "Good";
}
else if (score >= 60)
    std::cout << "OK";
else
    std::cout << "What?";

If Clause

if (a == 10) {
    // do something
}

int number = 16;
if (number % 2 == 0)
{
    std::cout << "even";
}
else
{
    std::cout << "odd";
}
// Outputs: even
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