Tag: Jest Cheat Sheet

expect('long string').toMatch('str')
expect('string').toEqual(expect.any(String))
expect('coffee').toMatch(/ff/)
expect('pizza').not.toMatch('coffee')
expect(['pizza', 'coffee']).toEqual([expect.stringContaining('zz'), expect.stringMatching(/ff/)])

describe('makePoniesPink', () => {
  beforeAll(() => {
    /* Runs before all tests */
  })
  afterAll(() => {
    /* Runs after all tests */
  })
  beforeEach(() => {
    /* Runs before each test */
  })
  afterEach(() => {
    /* Runs after each test */
  })
  
  test('make each pony pink', () => {
    const actual = fn(['Alice', 'Bob', 'Eve'])
    expect(actual).toEqual(['Pink Alice', 'Pink Bob', 'Pink Eve'])
  })
})

expect([]).toEqual(expect.any(Array))
expect(['Alice', 'Bob', 'Eve']).toHaveLength(3)
expect(['Alice', 'Bob', 'Eve']).toContain('Alice')
expect([{ a: 1 }, { a: 2 }]).toContainEqual({ a: 1 })
expect(['Alice', 'Bob', 'Eve']).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining(['Alice', 'Bob']))

expect({ a: 1 }).toHaveProperty('a')
expect({ a: 1 }).toHaveProperty('a', 1)
expect({ a: { b: 1 } }).toHaveProperty('a.b')
expect({ a: 1, b: 2 }).toMatchObject({ a: 1 })
expect({ a: 1, b: 2 }).toMatchObject({
  a: expect.any(Number),
  b: expect.any(Number)
})
expect([{ a: 1 }, { b: 2 }]).toEqual([
  expect.objectContaining({ a: expect.any(Number) }),
  expect.anything()
])

// const fn = () => { throw new Error('Out of cheese!') }
expect(fn).toThrow()
expect(fn).toThrow('Out of cheese')
expect(fn).toThrowErrorMatchingSnapshot()

expect(node).toMatchSnapshot()
// Jest 23+
expect(user).toMatchSnapshot({
  date: expect.any(Date)
})
expect(user).toMatchInlineSnapshot()

// const fn = jest.fn()
// const fn = jest.fn().mockName('Unicorn') -- named mock, Jest 22+
expect(fn).toBeCalled() // Function was called
expect(fn).not.toBeCalled() // Function was *not* called
expect(fn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1) // Function was called only once
expect(fn).toBeCalledWith(arg1, arg2) // Any of calls was with these arguments
expect(fn).toHaveBeenLastCalledWith(arg1, arg2) // Last call was with these arguments
expect(fn).toHaveBeenNthCalledWith(args) // Nth call was with these arguments (Jest 23+)
expect(fn).toHaveReturnedTimes(2) // Function was returned without throwing an error (Jest 23+)
expect(fn).toHaveReturnedWith(value) // Function returned a value (Jest 23+)
expect(fn).toHaveLastReturnedWith(value) // Last function call returned a value (Jest 23+)
expect(fn).toHaveNthReturnedWith(value) // Nth function call returned a value (Jest 23+)
expect(fn.mock.calls).toEqual([['first', 'call', 'args'], ['second', 'call', 'args']]) // Multiple calls
expect(fn.mock.calls[0][0]).toBe(2) // fn.mock.calls[0][0] — the first argument of the first call

expect(new A()).toBeInstanceOf(A)
expect(() => {}).toEqual(expect.any(Function))
expect('pizza').toEqual(expect.anything())

Promise

test('resolve to lemon', () => {
  expect.assertions(1)
  // Make sure to add a return statement
  return expect(Promise.resolve('lemon')).resolves.toBe('lemon')
  return expect(Promise.reject('octopus')).rejects.toBeDefined()
  return expect(Promise.reject(Error('pizza'))).rejects.toThrow()
})

Or with async/await:

test('resolve to lemon', async () => {
  expect.assertions(2)
  await expect(Promise.resolve('lemon')).resolves.toBe('lemon')
  await expect(Promise.resolve('lemon')).resolves.not.toBe('octopus')
})

It’s a good practice to specify a number of expected assertions in async tests, so the test will fail if your assertions weren’t called at all.

test('async test', () => {
  expect.assertions(3) // Exactly three assertions are called during a test
  // OR
  expect.hasAssertions() // At least one assertion is called during a test

  // Your async tests
})

Note that you can also do this per file, outside any describe and test:

beforeEach(expect.hasAssertions)

This will verify the presense of at least one assertion per test case. It also plays nice with more specific expect.assertions(3) declarations.

async/await

test('async test', async () => {
  expect.assertions(1)
  const result = await runAsyncOperation()
  expect(result).toBe(true)
})

Promises

Return a Promise from your test:

test('async test', () => {
  expect.assertions(1)
  return runAsyncOperation().then(result => {
    expect(result).toBe(true)
  })
})

done() callback

Wrap your assertions in try/catch block, otherwise Jest will ignore failures:

test('async test', done => {
  expect.assertions(1)
  runAsyncOperation()
  setTimeout(() => {
    try {
      const result = getAsyncOperationResult()
      expect(result).toBe(true)
      done()
    } catch (err) {
      done.fail(err)
    }
  })
})

test('call the callback', () => {
  const callback = jest.fn()
  fn(callback)
  expect(callback).toBeCalled()
  expect(callback.mock.calls[0][1].baz).toBe('pizza') // Second argument of the first call
})

You can also use snapshots:

test('call the callback', () => {
  const callback = jest.fn().mockName('Unicorn') // mockName is available in Jest 22+
  fn(callback)
  expect(callback).toMatchSnapshot()
  // ->
  // [MockFunction Unicorn] {
  //   "calls": Array [
  // ...
})

And pass an implementation to jest.fn function:

const callback = jest.fn(() => true)

1. Create a file like __mocks__/lodash/memoize.js:module.exports = a => a
2. Add to your test:jest.mock(‘lodash/memoize’)

Note: When using babel-jest, calls to jest.mock will automatically be hoisted to the top of the code block. Use jest.doMock if you want to explicitly avoid this behavior.

const spy = jest.spyOn(console, 'log').mockImplementation(() => {})
expect(console.log.mock.calls).toEqual([['dope'], ['nope']])
spy.mockRestore()

const spy = jest.spyOn(ajax, 'request').mockImplementation(() => Promise.resolve({ success: true }))
expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalled()
spy.mockRestore()

const location = {}
const getTitle = jest.spyOn(location, 'title', 'get').mockImplementation(() => 'pizza')
const setTitle = jest.spyOn(location, 'title', 'set').mockImplementation(() => {})

const getTitle = jest.fn(() => 'pizza')
const setTitle = jest.fn()
const location = {}
Object.defineProperty(location, 'title', {
  get: getTitle,
  set: setTitle
})

For one mock:

fn.mockClear() // Clears mock usage date (fn.mock.calls, fn.mock.instances)
fn.mockReset() // Clears and removes any mocked return values or implementations
fn.mockRestore() // Resets and restores the initial implementation

Note: mockRestore works only with mocks created by jest.spyOn.

For all mocks:

jest.clearAllMocks()
jest.resetAllMocks()
jest.restoreAllMocks()

jest.mock('fs')
const fs = require('fs') // Mocked module
const fs = require.requireActual('fs') // Original module

Write synchronous test for code that uses native timer functions (setTimeout, setInterval, clearTimeout, clearInterval).

// Enable fake timers
jest.useFakeTimers()

test('kill the time', () => {
  const callback = jest.fn()
  
  // Run some code that uses setTimeout or setInterval
  const actual = someFunctionThatUseTimers(callback)
  
  // Fast-forward until all timers have been executed
  jest.runAllTimers()
  
  // Check the results synchronously
  expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
})

Or adjust timers by time with advanceTimersByTime():

// Enable fake timers
jest.useFakeTimers()

test('kill the time', () => {
  const callback = jest.fn()
  
  // Run some code that uses setTimeout or setInterval
  const actual = someFunctionThatUseTimers(callback)
  
  // Fast-forward for 250 ms
  jest.advanceTimersByTime(250)
  
  // Check the results synchronously
  expect(callback).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1)
})

Use jest.runOnlyPendingTimers() for special cases.

Note: you should call jest.useFakeTimers() in your test case to use other fake timer methods.

Run the same test with different data:

test.each([[1, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3], [2, 1, 3]])('.add(%s, %s)', (a, b, expected) => {
  expect(a + b).toBe(expected)
})

Or the same using template literals:

test.each`
  a    | b    | expected
  ${1} | ${1} | ${2}
  ${1} | ${2} | ${3}
  ${2} | ${1} | ${3}
`('returns $expected when $a is added $b', ({ a, b, expected }) => {
  expect(a + b).toBe(expected)
})

Or on describe level:

describe.each([['mobile'], ['tablet'], ['desktop']])('checkout flow on %s', (viewport) => {
  test('displays success page', () => {
    // 
  })
})

Don’t run these tests:

describe.skip('makePoniesPink'...
tests.skip('make each pony pink'...

Run only these tests:

describe.only('makePoniesPink'...
tests.only('make each pony pink'...

Node.js and Jest will cache modules you require. To test modules with side effects you’ll need to reset the module registry between tests:

const modulePath = '../module-to-test'

afterEach(() => {
  jest.resetModules()
})

test('first test', () => {
  // Prepare conditions for the first test
  const result = require(modulePath)
  expect(result).toMatchSnapshot()
})

test('second text', () => {
  // Prepare conditions for the second test
  const fn = () => require(modulePath)
  expect(fn).toThrow()
})